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Erythema nodosum is a skin condition. It causes red lumps, usually on your shins, ankles and knees.
Anyone can get erythema nodosum, but it's most common in people aged 20 to 40 years. It's also more common in females.
Painful red lumps, or nodules, appear on your legs, from the knees down. Occasionally, they can also appear on your thighs, upper arms or face.
The lumps start off bright red, or darker than your normal skin colour. With time, they become flatter and turn purple or dark red, like a bruise. They usually fade away and don't leave a scar.
Other symptoms can include:
A lumpy red rash, usually on the lower legs is a common symptom of erythema nodosum.
Erythema nodosum happens when the layer of fat under your skin becomes inflamed or irritated.
It can be triggered by:
It can also happen in people who have:
Doctors can't find the cause of erythema nodosum in about 1 in 2 people.
See your doctor if you have a skin condition that affects your daily life. You should also see your doctor if you have lots of lumps on your skin.
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and look at the lumps on your skin.
Your doctor might also organise some tests to check if another illness is causing your erythema nodosum.
These tests may include:
Sometimes your doctor will take a biopsy of your skin to check that the diagnosis is right.
If your doctor can't find a cause of your erythema nodosum, you will be advised to wear compression stockings and rest with your legs elevated.
You can take anti-inflammatory medicines to help with any pain.
In most people, erythema nodosum clears up by itself within 2 to 6 weeks. Your pain and swelling may continue after this.
The cause of your erythema nodosum should be treated when possible.
Your doctor may recommend you take oral corticosteroids or use a steroid injection. In some cases, potassium iodide or colchicine tablets are prescribed.
In some people erythema nodosum can return.
Very rarely ulcers (deep sores) can form. This may be due to trauma.
If you have a rash and you're not sure what to do, call the healthdirect helpline on 1800 022 222 (known as NURSE-ON-CALL in Victoria). A registered nurse is available to speak with you 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
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Last reviewed: November 2024
